Osmaniye 12 km. In Adana, 110 km. Located Kastabala relic of the ancient city of Roman period and still contains many important historical event of one of the centers.
Ceyhan River, which is dominated by the plain north of the small between Kesmeburun Bahcekoy with a medieval castle on the rock increases with the name of the Bodrum Castle. Osmaniye Aslantas Dam and Karatepe-Aslantas on the road connecting the open-air museum. The ruins of the ancient city around the castle are still visible today. This is the ancient name of the city but 19 century. At the end of the ancient inscriptions found in here, thanks to the ruined-Kastabala be determined.Since then, researchers of different nations Kastabala'nın monuments, inscriptions, and coins and the history of the ancient city was interested, and thanks to this research illuminate possible.
Roman governors of Rome, which had been ruined and need-Kastabala'da, established the independent kingdoms of that period were found in many inscriptions and coins. This is about the independent kingdoms Kastabala'da BCThe terms suggested by 17. The most important among them, and on behalf of bırakanı Tarkondimotos I was Philopater II. These kings basmışlardı coins on their own behalf. A country's independence and the existence of their own money and that money was for the current being measured.
Kastabala'nın in 524, about 30 km. Anazarbosta causing great devastation of the earthquake in north-west is also influenced Kastabala'yı final. After the earthquake that occurred during the Emperor Justin, the emperor Justinian in 561, a second large earthquake has destroyed more Cilician cities, and starting immediately after the earthquake, an outbreak of plague in Çukurova plain of Amik and spread through all cities, including Antioch, and rural area has caused great loss of life.Middle and late Byzantine periods, the importance of gradually losing itself in a more Kastabala uncollected after the destruction of the Crusades and was completely abandoned after a short period of time.
As in other cities of Cukurova Kastabala'da the MS 2nd Century end and 3 century.the beginning of the Roman legions were dispatched to the front of the east because of increasing eastern voyages of economic and social problems olmaktaydılar why. Of cities to cope with these problems in order to ensure the plains of Cilicia, the cities of emperors launched a heavy construction activity, and these towns were known for their names and referred to the privilege of arranging many games.
The ruins of the ancient building that has survived in very good condition Kastabala'nın most importantly, without a doubt a colonnaded street. Kastabala'yı Karatepe-Aslantaş'a asphalt road that connects approximately 300 m. Some of the observed long colonnaded street. This is the rock on which the castle passed him on the street in which the original settlement area and goes down into the valley extending from the east-west direction.
The city center, the west is bounded by a door to the street with columns believed to have been located where it started. In the south, east and north, the hills surrounding the valley where the city's board, sınırlamaktaydılar city center. Colonnaded street from west to east in the middle of the city center, on the slope of the land in accordance with the rise seen in several of the vault containing the remains of a building through the north of the region believed to be a monumental door reaches the Propylon. This gate is located southwest of the ruins and a large marble architectural fragments belonging to a structure that gives the impression that the infrastructure of a large structure of the vaults. In 1890, during a visit to Kastabala'yı Th. Bnet findings mentioned here today and so far have been much better off now established to be the exact location of the proposed site of the temple of Artemis Perasia. This is the area just west of the church in the north of the Roman empire, was used as the material re-used architectural fragments considering the transfer of a great Roman structure was discovered. After turning to the east, reaching a terrace Propylon'dan colonnaded street. Votive inscriptions found on the terrace, some researchers because of the city's main temple of the goddess Artemis Perasia These recommendations should be looked up here. This terrace, the city's Stadion lies just below the east-west direction. This Stadion east end of the city's west end is constrained by a retaining wall, there is theater. South of the baths are the ruins of the theater. Stadium, theater, and baths, very close to each other in this area where the center of the city's daily life. Perasia religious ceremonies associated with the culture of Artemis and the participation of athletes of various games played in the neighboring cities Stadion, should be directly linked to the sacred precinct of Artemis Perasia.
Bodies formed in the southwestern part of the city column columns in the agora by some researchers, is described by some as the second of a colonnaded street. The city, south, north and west are a large number of graves and tombs. The northern slope of the cliff where the castle and provide ease of transport in order to facilitate the defense of the castle was opened to a rock cut. In addition, A.D. 6. remarkable that the two churches dating from the first half of the century. The building, constructed in the north of them is right next to the street with columns, architectural elements used in making the Roman empire, the transfer of the dismantled buildings. Examine in detail each of two churches O. Feld them 6 dates the first half of the century. Architectural features of the early Byzantine period churches were churches that were in Syria.
Water needs of the city of Ceyhan on the eastern side of the river near the village of Düziçi township Karagedik brought water resources, open source, built on the Ceyhan River Near Narcissus District in stone aqueducts and underground pipes for the transportation of pressurized water to the city by bringing in a compensated moved to the valley of the River Ceyhan.
The inscriptions and coins, as well as the city Kastabala'da Perasia'nın Artemis, Asklepios and Hygieia, Helios, Theos Pyretos worshiped as goddesses they saw the documents. In addition, dead and alive for the emperors of the Roman emperor Kastabala'da diktirilmiş round altars with inscriptions which documents the existence of the cult. Kastabala'da Emperor Caracalla in the inscriptions, III. Hera, wife of Marcus Aurelius, as well as the Gordian Faustinada Nea honors.
Kastabala described above with all the building remains today is an archaeological and natural features that may be parked. In 1994 the south of the ancient city, destroyed churches and colonnaded street, a few meters wide, the water would result in the desired channel to be passed to cause havoc at the beginning of the southern border of the city's notice to the relevant authorities with timely intervention of the city on the western edge of the concrete structural members passing through the lower level of destruction tried to be kept.
It contains the ruins of all kinds of important historical and archaeological monuments Kastabala destruction carefully protected, easily navigated with the guiding plates and make them as descriptive, this eminent of the ancient city of Osmaniye; Karatepe-Aslantas, Kadirli-Flaviopolis and Dilekkaya-Anazarbos with the Çukurova east of the major tourist sites to attain a must.
(In preparation for this article, TUBA (Turkey Science Academy) sources were used.)
Mehmet Akif OKUR
akif@cukurovalife.com.tr
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